Friction-roller



2Sheets-Sheet l. G A. CRISSON. PRIGTION RULLER.

(No Model.)

vPatented Mar. 22, 1892.

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' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No'Model.)

Gf. A. CRISSON. vPRIGTION ROLLER. 10,471,461 Patented Manzzglagz.

INVENTOR www o., mumnnu., msnxycwn, n. cA

NTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lFRICTION-FOLLER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed December 3, 1891 To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. CRIssON, a' subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Tarrytown, in the county of Westchesterl and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Friction-Rollers; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to spring-rollers for window-curtains of the class wherein a friction device is employed; and my invention consists in a novel and useful construction whereby the ascent and descent of the curtain will be Vautomatically controlled at any desired elevation.

My invention further consists in a device whereby the length of the roller can be regulated so as to iit openings of diverse widths, and in the combination thereof with friction-clutches and attachments thereof, all as hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the.

drawings, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, wherein like letters of reference point out similar parts on each figure, Figure l is a front perspective View of a window-frame having adjusted therein a shade according to my invention. Fig..2 is an enlarged view, partly in section, of the roller, parts being broken away to show interior construction. Fig. 8 is an end view of the same; Fig. 4, a vertical section on the line :r .fr of Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a side elevation of the friction-clutch and related parts; Fig. 6, a perspective view of axially-bored abutment provided on its face with spring-pawls. Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a roller provided with my improved friction-clutches. Fig. 8 is a like view showing the roller extended in length.

A is the window-frame; A', the casing of the roller, preferably composed of sheet metal;

-B,windowsash; @shade-roller; D,shade; E,

extensible wooden roller; F, abutment; F', friction-clutch; H, sleeve; a d', roller-brackets; b b', flattened terminal ends of spindle; c, shoulder near end of spindle; CZ, pin to se-v cure part F in place on spindle G; e, orifice on' Ffor reception of pin d; f f, spring de- Patent N o. 471,467, dated March 22, 1892.

Serial No. I13,912. (No model.)

spiral spring surrounding spindle G intertoreceive spindle G; e', recess in rollers to receive folded upper end h'of shade; j, conical recess for reception of cone of friction-clutch F'. j is a similar recess in roller E for reception vof abutment F when made in the form shown. Said recess will, however, be of'suitable size and shape to conform to the construction of said abutment, the lower extension fro mits facebeing not necessarily conical.

The inner end of spindle G is supported in a recess in the end of woodenrollerE for the purpose of keeping said spindle axially central, and thus avoid unequal friction of the clutch.

la is an orifice in spindle for reception of ends of pin CZ; S, torsion-spring; s, Wooden disk within the tube A', to which the inner end of said spring is secured and having a central recess forming a bearing for the inner end of the spindle around which the spring is wound.

ployment on blinds for railway-cars, although I do not limit it to such application. It is equally adaptable to any form of rollers where it is desirable to control the movements of window-shades in order to arrest their upward and downward movement-s at any desired elevation.

No special torsion winding spring to operate the shade is claimed, as my improvement is adjustable to any well-known devices of this character. The outer tube is divided into two sections, the main section carrying the winding-sprin g, as plainly shown in Fig. 8.

Permanently attached within one section of the tube A is the solid roller E, which can be slid its full length within the tube toward the disk s (see Fig. 7) or withdrawn a given distance to increase the length of the roller and attachments, as plainly shown in Fig. L. lIt will thus be understood that the roller, with its attachments, can be graded for adjustment within openings of diverse dimensions.

I do not claim, broadly, the means for extending the length of the device by utilization of an interior sectional roller, as I am aware such devices have been used previous to my present improvement thereon.

mediate of members F F'; h, axial bore in F tents or pawls on surface disk of F; g, short My 4invention is adapted principally for ern- IOO Within one end of the tubing A is a me tallic sleeve H, centrally bored nearly its full length for the reception of spindle G. The opposite ends of this sleeve are fiat (see Fig.

5) at the inner. terminal end of the bore for passage of spindle. The sleeve is provided with conical recessj, forming a socket within which the coneclutch F is free to rotate and will axially turn therein. Its outer face is pro- 1o vided wit-n ratchets for a purpose presently Set forth. The abutment is provided with axial bore h for passage therethrough of spindle G, and is connected thereto by pin d, passing th rough apert-ure 7c, whereby it is held fast to said spindle.

The face of abutment F is provided with a series of spring-pawls f, whereby when mo- `tion is imparted to the roller and the abutment and cone are brought into juxtaposition 2o the pawls and ratchetswill be engaged and released and operate the clutch within the seat of sleeve H. A small spiral spring g encircles the spindle intermediate of the coneclutch and abutment and k eeps them normallyseparateda slight distance. (See Fig. 2.)

Then cone F is forced within its aligning socket, it will be understood thata graduated friction will be imparted to the obliquely-inclined coinciding surfaces without` any sudden shock or jolt, the grip imparted thereto being correlativo to the torsion of the main spring and the balance-weight at the end of the shade, and it will be easily held at and released from any desired elevationand be 3 5 ther-eat maintained without risk of being displaced by any sudden jolt imparted to the frame inwhich the shade is suspended.

The sleeve H is provided on its periphery with a lengthwise recess i, and the rollenE is 4o provided with a like recess its full length, whereby wh en said sleeve and roller are wit hin the tube A a continuous channel is formed for reception of the overturn of the fabric of which the shade is composed, as `common in analogous devices.

In Fig. l I havev illustrated a shade with a lower rod., the opposite ends of Vwhich are inserted within `vertical grooves of the frame A; but I do not restrict myself to such con-l 5o struction or combination. The lower rod,` howeveigirnust be weighted to counterpoise torsion of spring S, so that the shade D will. not rise until gentle upward force is impartedV to said weighted end. 1

`It is intended to placca small knob or but ton on the weighted rod where a ring is showru `in the drawings for facilitating the move-y ments ofthe shade.

.Freni the foregoing description, in connec-y 6o tionwith the drawings, the nature and object of my invention will be readilyl understood by all familiar with the class to which it is allied.` `Its operation may be thus briefly described: lVhen the shade is `pulled down, the. torsion-` 6 5 spring is tightened in the well-known manner.

Vhen it is desired to elevate the shade, gentle pressure is imparted to the weighted rod at its lower end, causing the sleeve 1I and cone F to turn on their axes. As revolution progresses the spring-pawls on the abutment F will intermesh with ratchets on cone F', and will continuously overcome any tendency for the shade to drop as thc two members of the clutchingdevice will be interlocked.

Thus my invention broadly consists of a compound reversing friction-clutch controlling the vertical movements of the shade during its downward and upward movements.

Having thus fully described my invention and its operation, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States of America, is-

l. The within-described compound frictionclutch for curtain-rollers, consisting of a sleeve with an interior conicalrecess, a revoluble cone seated therein, and a fixed abutment F, said cone and abutment having on their juxtaposing faces intermeshing ratchet and spring pawls, in combination with a torsionspring, all arranged Within tubular casing A', substantially as described.

2. The abutment F, centrally bored for passage of spindle G, provided with transverse aperture for reception of pin d to connect it through aligning orifice 7,: to said spindle, said abutment having pawls ff, roller E, having recess-bearing for end ot' spindle G, cone F', its surface provided with outwardly-extending ratchets, said abutment and cone mounted on spindle G and maintained separated thereon by spiral spring g, coiled over the spi-ndle intermediate of their faces, the cone-clutchF loosely seated in socket of .metallic sleeve H, all in combination with said Vsleeve and fixed l spindle of spring-actuated curtainfroller, substantially as described.

3. In a spring curtain-roller, an attached shade having folds of its upper edge inserted within lengthwise channel of outer tubular casing A and a counterpoise weighted rod at its opposite edge, said casing divlded into sections, one section provided with interior torsion-spring S, the other section supplied with extensible wooden roller E, adapted `to be extended lengthwise, said roller having seated within one of its ends terminal point of spindle G, abutment F,secured to the spindle, and` metal sleeve H, adjusted within one end of the tubular casing, said sleeve having conical recess j, into which is loosely seatedfriction cone-clutch F', said abutment and clutch `provided on theirjuxtaposing surfaces with intermeshing pawls and ratchets, :all in combination with spindle passing axially through the sleeve, abutment, and cone F substantially as described.

Il. The combination, in a curtain-rollerhaving within one end 0f incasing tubeAaXiallyrevoluble spindle G, of torsionspring S, friction cone-clutch F', abutment` F, provided on their respective faces with intermeshin g ratchets and spring-pawls, revoluble sleevell, and a weighted shade, all "arranged as set forth and illustrated, whereby the attached shade IOO IOR

IIL)

is automatically maintained during ascent and descent at any desired elevation, substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a spring-actuated 5 curtain-roller, of au outer tubular casingcontaining a winding-spring within one section of its length and an interior extensible woodenroller-carrying abutment F, and an aligning revoluble sleeve II, having on its inner face 1o an obliquely-inclined socketj, into which is seated cone-clutch F', said clutch and abutment having on their juxtaposing faces ratchets and intermeshing spring-pawls, said sleeve, abutment, and cone axially mounted on spin- 15 die G, having short coiled spring g, surrounding the spindle intermediate of the faces of said cone and abutment, whereby as rotary motion is imparted to the roller in either direction said cone will be gradually pressed -against its seat within the sleeve, and thereby 2o 

